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Netfabb Simulation Research & Validation: Moving Source

Kilroy Kristen
March 15, 2023

Trial and error is especially costly in metal additive manufacturing. With so many variables across materials, machines, and part designs, it is almost impossible to know the formula for success.

Thermomechanical simulation, especially Netfabb’s multi-scale approach, provides a big advantage. Since 2012, over $7.3M USD has been spent validating the Netfabb Local Simulation solver predictions by comparing them with the experimental results for materials, print parameters and design cases/geometries to help customers save time and money minimizing failures with metal additive manufacturing.

Moving-Source Simulation

Description: An experimental setup was designed to allow for the measurement of in situ temperature and distortion during the Powder Bed Fusion deposition process. The measurement results were used to validate the moving-source model predictions from Netfabb Local Simulation.

Figure 1: Experimental setup used to capture the in situ temperature and distortion. A hollow aluminum box referred to as ‘the Vault’ (top left) is instrumented with a displacement sensor (DVRT) and thermocouples (bottom left). The Vault fits into the build chamber of an EOS or Renishaw printer (top right). The sensors attach to a small, 1 mm thick build plate which distorts during the build (bottom right).

 

Figure 2: Figure 6.2: In situ distortion measurement trend. When the heat source turns on, the top of the built plate thermally expands, resulting in an upward distortion. When the molten material cools and contracts, the top of the build plate is pulled into compression, resulting in a downward distortion.**

 

Figure 3: Calculated temperature and distortion compared with in situ measurements.

Conclusions:

Netfabb Local Simulation is able to accurately calculate temperature and distortion measured during the Powder Bed Fusion process. The final calculated distortion is within 5% error of the measurement.

 

*Results shown in this section have been peer reviewed and published: Denlinger, Erik R., et al. “Thermomechanical model development and in situ experimental validation of the Laser Powder-Bed Fusion process.” Additive Manufacturing 16 (2017): 73-80.
**Dunbar, A. J., et al. “Development of experimental method for in situ distortion and temperature measurements during the laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process.” Additive Manufacturing 12 (2016): 25-30.

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Kilroy Kristen

Kristen is the Technical Product Marketing Manager for Autodesk Moldflow, Helius, and CFD products. She has a degree in Plastics Engineering Technology from Pennsylvania State University, and has experience as a facility and project engineer at a custom injection molder. Kristen joined Autodesk in 2013 as a technical support specialist, focusing on working with Moldflow customers. She uses her industry and product expertise to create content and manage digital marketing efforts for Autodesk's simulation portfolio.

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